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1 At the first online bible study online bible explanation made the heaven and the earth. 2 And the earth was waste and without form; and it was dark on the face of the deep: and the Spirit of online bible study online bible explanation was moving on the face of the waters. 3 And online bible study online bible explanation said, Let there be light: and there was light. 4 And online bible study online bible explanation, looking on the light, saw that it was good: and online bible study online bible explanation made a division between the light and the dark, 5 Naming the light, Day, and the dark, Night. And there was evening and there was morning, the first day. 6 And online bible study online bible explanation said, Let there be a solid arch stretching over the waters, parting the waters from the waters. 7 And online bible study online bible explanation made the arch for a division between the waters which were under the arch and those which were over it: and it was so. 8 And online bible study online bible explanation gave the arch the name of Heaven. And there was evening and there was morning, the second day. 9 And online bible study online bible explanation said, Let the waters under the heaven come together in one place, and let the dry land be seen: and it was so. 10 And online bible study online bible explanation gave the dry land the name of Earth; and the waters together in their place were named Seas: and online bible study online bible explanation saw that it was good. 11 And online bible study online bible explanation said, Let grass come up on the earth, and plants producing seed, and fruit-trees giving fruit, in which is their seed, after their sort: and it was so. 12 And grass came up on the earth, and every plant producing seed of its sort, and every tree producing fruit, in which is its seed, of its sort: and online bible study online bible explanation saw that it was good. 13 And there was evening and there was morning, the third day. 14 And online bible study online bible explanation said, Let there be lights in the arch of heaven, for a division between the day and the night, and let them be for signs, and for marking the changes of the year, and for days and for years: 15 And let them be for lights in the arch of heaven to give light on the earth: and it was so. 16 And online bible study online bible explanation made the two great lights: the greater light to be the ruler of the day, and the smaller light to be the ruler of the night: and he made the stars. 17 And online bible study online bible explanation put them in the arch of heaven, to give light on the earth; 18 To have rule over the day and the night, and for a division between the light and the dark: and online bible study online bible explanation saw that it was good. 19 And there was evening and there was morning, the fourth day. 20 And online bible study online bible explanation said, Let the waters be full of living things, and let birds be in flight over the earth under the arch of heaven. 21 And online bible study online bible explanation made great sea-beasts, and every sort of living and moving thing with which the waters were full, and every sort of winged bird: and online bible study online bible explanation saw that it was good. 22 And online bible study online bible explanation gave them his blessing, saying, Be fertile and have increase, making all the waters of the seas full, and let the birds be increased in the earth. 23 And there was evening and there was morning, the fifth day. 24 And online bible study online bible explanation said, Let the earth give birth to all sorts of living things, cattle and all things moving on the earth, and beasts of the earth after their sort: and it was so. 25 And online bible study online bible explanation made the beast of the earth after its sort, and the cattle after their sort, and everything moving on the face of the earth after its sort:
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1 Seeing the multitudes, he went up onto the mountain. When he had sat down, his disciples came to him. 2 He opened his mouth and taught them, saying, 3 "Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the Kingdom of Heaven.{Isaiah 57:15; 66:2} 4 Blessed are those who mourn, for they shall be comforted.{Isaiah 61:2; 66:10,13} 5 Blessed are the gentle, for they shall inherit the earth.{or, land. Psalm 37:11} 6 Blessed are those who hunger and thirst after righteousness, for they shall be filled. 7 Blessed are the merciful, for they shall obtain mercy. 8 Blessed are the pure in heart, for they shall see God. 9 Blessed are the peacemakers, for they shall be called children of God. 10 Blessed are those who have been persecuted for righteousness' sake, for theirs is the Kingdom of Heaven. 11 "Blessed are you when people reproach you, persecute you, and say all kinds of evil against you falsely, for my sake. 12 Rejoice, and be exceedingly glad, for great is your reward in heaven. For that is how they persecuted the prophets who were before you. 13 "You are the salt of the earth, but if the salt has lost its flavor, with what will it be salted? It is then good for nothing, but to be cast out and trodden under the feet of men. 14 You are the light of the world. A city located on a hill can't be hidden. 15 Neither do you light a lamp, and put it under a measuring basket, but on a stand; and it shines to all who are in the house. 16 Even so, let your light shine before men; that they may see your good works, and glorify your Father who is in heaven. 17 "Don't think that I came to destroy the law or the prophets. I didn't come to destroy, but to fulfill. 18 For most certainly, I tell you, until heaven and earth pass away, not even one smallest letter{literally, iota} or one tiny pen stroke{or, serif} shall in any way pass away from the law, until all things are accomplished. 19 Whoever, therefore, shall break one of these least commandments, and teach others to do so, shall be called least in the Kingdom of Heaven; but whoever shall do and teach them shall be called great in the Kingdom of Heaven. 20 For I tell you that unless your righteousness exceeds that of the scribes and Pharisees, there is no way you will enter into the Kingdom of Heaven. 21 "You have heard that it was said to the ancient ones, 'You shall not murder;'{Exodus 20:13} and 'Whoever shall murder shall be in danger of the judgment.' 22 But I tell you, that everyone who is angry with his brother without a cause{NU omits "without a cause".} shall be in danger of the judgment; and whoever shall say to his brother, 'Raca{"Raca" is an Aramaic insult, related to the word for "empty" and conveying the idea of empty-headedness.}!' shall be in danger of the council; and whoever shall say, 'You fool!' shall be in danger of the fire of Gehenna.{or, Hell} 23 "If therefore you are offering your gift at the altar, and there remember that your brother has anything against you, 24 leave your gift there before the altar, and go your way. First be reconciled to your brother, and then come and offer your gift. 25 Agree with your adversary quickly, while you are with him in the way; lest perhaps the prosecutor deliver you to the judge, and the judge deliver you to the officer, and you be cast into prison. 26 Most certainly I tell you, you shall by no means get out of there, until you have paid the last penny.{literally, kodrantes. A kodrantes was a small copper coin worth about 2 lepta (widow's mites)--not enough to buy very much of anything.} 27 "You have heard that it was said, {TR adds "to the ancients,"} 'You shall not commit adultery;'{Exodus 20:14} 28 but I tell you that everyone who gazes at a woman to lust after her has committed adultery with her already in his heart. 29 If your right eye causes you to stumble, pluck it out and throw it away from you. For it is more profitable for you that one of your members should perish, than for your whole body to be cast into Gehenna.{or, Hell} 30 If your right hand causes you to stumble, cut it off, and throw it away from you. For it is more profitable for you that one of your members should perish, than for your whole body to be cast into Gehenna.{or, Hell} 31 "It was also said, 'Whoever shall put away his wife, let him give her a writing of divorce,'{Deuteronomy 24:1} 32 but I tell you that whoever puts away his wife, except for the cause of sexual immorality, makes her an adulteress; and whoever marries her when she is put away commits adultery. 33 "Again you have heard that it was said to them of old time, 'You shall not make false vows, but shall perform to the Lord your vows,' 34 but I tell you, don't swear at all: neither by heaven, for it is the throne of God; 35 nor by the earth, for it is the footstool of his feet; nor by Jerusalem, for it is the city of the great King. 36 Neither shall you swear by your head, for you can't make one hair white or black. 37 But let your 'Yes' be 'Yes' and your 'No' be 'No.' Whatever is more than these is of the evil one. 38 "You have heard that it was said, 'An eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth.'{Exodus 21:24; Leviticus 24:20; Deuteronomy 19:21} 39 But I tell you, don't resist him who is evil; but whoever strikes you on your right cheek, turn to him the other also. 40 If anyone sues you to take away your coat, let him have your cloak also. 41 Whoever compels you to go one mile, go with him two. 42 Give to him who asks you, and don't turn away him who desires to borrow from you. 43 "You have heard that it was said, 'You shall love your neighbor,{Leviticus 19:18} and hate your enemy.{not in the Bible, but see Qumran Manual of Discipline Ix, 21-26}' 44 But I tell you, love your enemies, bless those who curse you, do good to those who hate you, and pray for those who mistreat you and persecute you, 45 that you may be children of your Father who is in heaven. For he makes his sun to rise on the evil and the good, and sends rain on the just and the unjust. 46 For if you love those who love you, what reward do you have? Don't even the tax collectors do the same? 47 If you only greet your friends, what more do you do than others? Don't even the tax collectors do the same? 48 Therefore you shall be perfect, just as your Father in heaven is perfect.

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Explanation [Maximize]

天国的律04:饥渴慕义的人

By William Yu - Mar 6, 2010 11:23 AM

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太 5:6 饥渴慕义的人有福了,因为他们必得饱足。

饥渴慕义的心,是神儿女应有的特征之一,他们必得饱足,当我们饥饿,口渴时,食物必能使我们饱足,但是,饥渴慕义时,什么才能使我们饱足呢?饥渴慕义又是什么意思呢?

“Those that hunger and thirst after righteousnes”,这里的义“righteousness”,在新约出现92次,在旧约圣经更出现了351次,可见义的意思很丰富,难以在几十分的时间,完全探讨义的意思,只可以有限度的了解‘义’的意义。

使我们惊讶的,就是在福音书里,记录耶稣只用了这‘义’字九次(太3:15; 5:6,10,20; 6:1; 6:33; 21:32; 约16:8,10).我们可以从耶稣用这字时的谈话内容,和旧约的背景来了解‘义’的意思。

但是耶稣不是说“义人有福了”,他说“饥渴慕义的人有福了”,所以我们要了解什么是饥渴慕义,因为他接着说“因为他们必得饱足”。这里重要的是‘饥渴的’得以‘饱足’。比较路加福音可见饥渴和饱足带有重要的意义:

路 6:21 你们饥饿的人有福了,因为你们将要饱足!你们哀哭的人有福了,因为你们将要喜
笑!

比较马太和路加的两节经文,可以明白路加记录的饥渴,并不是肉体的饥渴,耶稣所说的饥渴慕义当然是有圣经(旧约)的基础。

旧约背景

人为什么饥饿干渴?从肉体来讲,当然是他们的身体需要食物和水,从心灵来讲,就是他们的欲望。人若没有肉体和心灵的饥渴,似乎不甚正常,因为他们不会有任何理由,起劲的做任何事,做主管的,最怕就是有这样的下属。耶稣所说的饥渴,当然不是肉体的饥渴,他是指心灵上的饥渴,在圣经中认识神的人,他们饥渴的心,往往是渴慕与神亲近。

诗 42:1 神啊,我的心切慕你,如鹿切慕溪水。
诗 42:2 我的心渴想 神,就是永生 神;我几时得朝见神呢?
诗 42:3 我昼夜以眼泪当饮食,人不住地对我说:“你的 神在哪里呢?”

如果没有神的话语在我们心里,没有能够与神亲近,人的心灵会是永远饥渴的,那种饥渴是人希望能用物质的事物来填补却不能的饥渴;

摩 8:11 主耶和华说:“日子将到,我必命饥荒降在地上。人饥饿非因无饼,干渴非因无水,乃因不听耶和华的话。
摩 8:12 他们必飘流,从这海到那海,从北边到东边,往来奔跑寻求耶和华的话,却寻
不着。
摩 8:13 当那日,美貌的处女和少年的男子必因干渴发昏。

惟有渴慕与神亲近的人才会,经验到与神同在的满足,渴慕亲近神的意思是:

  • 渴慕看到他的荣耀和能力;
  • 早晚都切切的思念着神;

诗 63:1 神啊,你是我的 神!我要切切地寻求你;在干旱疲乏无水之地,我渴想你,
我的心切慕你。
诗 63:2 我在圣所中曾如此瞻仰你,为要见你的能力和你的荣耀。
诗 63:3 因你的慈爱比生命更好,我的嘴唇要颂赞你。
诗 63:4 我还活的时候要这样称颂你,我要奉你的名举手。
诗 63:5,6 我在床上记念你。在夜更的时候思想你;我的心就像饱足了骨髓肥油,我也
要以欢乐的嘴唇赞美你。

诗 17:15 至于我,我必在义中见你的面;我醒了的时候,得见(注:“见”或作 “着”)你的形像,就心满意足了(饱足了)。

神也会用肉体的饥饿干渴来教导人了解,只有神才能满足人心灵上的饥渴;

诗 107:4 他们在旷野荒地漂流,寻不见可住的城邑,
诗 107:5 又饥又渴,心里发昏。
诗 107:6 于是,他们在苦难中哀求耶和华,他从他们的祸患中搭救他们,
诗 107:7 又领他们行走直路,使他们往可居住的城邑。
诗 107:8 但愿人因耶和华的慈爱和他向人所行的奇事,都称赞他。
诗 107:9 因他使心里渴慕的人得以知足,使心里饥饿的人得饱美物。

饥渴慕义中的‘义’,意思很丰富,但它的紧要是与人在神的面前情况有关的,义与不义,是人在神面前的身份,这身份只有神才能鉴定的。

创 15:5 于是领他走到外边说:“你向天观看,数算众星,能数得过来吗?”又对他说:
“你的后裔将要如此。”
创 15:6 亚伯兰信耶和华,耶和华就以此为他的义。

要在神的面前被神认为是义,就是凭着人的信心,但信心要建立在神的应许,然后信心和行为是不能分开的;

创 18:17 耶和华说:“我所要做的事岂可瞒着亚伯拉罕呢?
创 18:18 亚伯拉罕必要成为强大的国,地上的万国都必因他得福。
创 18:19 我眷顾他,为要叫他吩咐他的众子和他的眷属遵守我的道,秉公行义(to keep the way of the Lord by doing righteousness and justice ),使我所应许亚伯拉罕的话都成就了。”

外表行神的道,而内心却没有遵守神诫命的心态,神是知道的,在神的面前就不会被认为是义了。

赛 58:1 “你要大声喊叫,不可止息;扬起声来,好象吹角。向我百姓说明他们的过犯,
向雅各家说明他们的罪恶。
赛 58:2 他们天天寻求我,乐意明白我的道,好象行义的国民,不离弃他们 神的典章,
向我求问公义的判语,喜悦亲近 神。
赛 58:3 他们说:‘我们禁食,你为何不看见呢?我们刻苦己心,你为何不理会呢?’看
哪!你们禁食的日子仍求利益,勒逼人为你们做苦工。
赛 58:4 你们禁食,却互相争竞,以凶恶的拳头打人。你们今日禁食,不得使你们的声音听闻于上。
赛 58:5 这样禁食,岂是我所拣选、使人刻苦己心的日子吗?岂是叫人垂头像苇子,用麻布和炉灰铺在他以下吗?你这可称为禁食、为耶和华所悦纳的日子吗?
赛 58:6 我所拣选的禁食,不是要松开凶恶的绳,解下轭上的索,使被欺压的得自由,折断一切的轭吗?
赛 58:7 不是要把你的饼分给饥饿的人,将飘流的穷人接到你家中,见赤身的给他衣服遮体,顾恤自己的骨肉而不掩藏吗?
赛 58:8 这样,你的光就必发现如早晨的光,你所得的医治要速速发明。你的公义必在你前面行;耶和华的荣光必作你的后盾。

耶稣的教导

太 3:13 当下,耶稣从加利利来到约旦河,见了约翰,要受他的洗。
太 3:14 约翰想要拦住他,说:“我当受你的洗,你反倒上我这里来吗?”
太 3:15 耶稣回答说:“你暂且许我,因为我们理当这样尽诸般的义(to fulfil all righteousness )(注:或作“礼”)。 ”于是约翰许了他。
太 3:16 耶稣受了洗,随即从水里上来。天忽然为他开了,他就看见 神的灵彷佛鸽子降下
,落在他身上。
太 3:17 从天上有声音说:“这是我的爱子,我所喜悦的。”

耶稣让我们看到他在神面前的心思态度,轮到谁应该为谁施洗,约翰当然是对,但现在不是谁对与错的问题,乃是什么是讨神喜悦的事情,耶稣正式在神的面前委身,负起为世人牺牲,
拯救世人的责任,后来他问那两个要坐在他左右手边的门徒,能不能受他所受的洗,就是指这个时刻,和为世人的牺牲。

还有以下的经节,有关义的意义,日后会更长尽的解析。

太 5:10 为义受逼迫的人有福了,因为天国是他们的。
太 5:20 我告诉你们:你们的义若不胜于文士和法利赛人的义,断不能进天国。
太 6:1 你们要小心,不可将善事行(doing your righteousness)在人的面前,故意叫他们看见;若是这样,就不能得你们天父的赏赐了。
太 6:33 你们要先求他的国和他的义,这些东西都要加给你们了。
太 21:32 因为约翰遵着义路到你们这里来,你们却不信他;税吏和娼妓倒信他。你们看见了,后来还是不懊悔去信他。

饥渴慕义的人

天国的子民,神的儿女,他们的特征,首要的不是做了些什么的义行。我们常听到人家说要积德,做善事,这样的言论是为了做善事而去做善事,不在乎人心里想些什么,大奸大恶之徒也会每年去做善事和求福,可见单靠行动的表现,不能完全的代表一个人的品德,我们判断人的时候,往往也只凭外表而已。相对的,我们也常常注重自己外表多于自己的内心,因为别人看到我们的外表比看到我们的内在的品德容易多了。

可是内在的品德才是真正的我们,所以耶稣没有教导‘义人有福了’,乃是‘饥渴慕义的人有福了’,那是说,我们是否神的儿女,就要看我们日思夜想的是什么。

我们是什么的一类人?饥渴慕美;饥渴慕财;饥渴慕权;饥渴慕尊;等等?

当我们渴慕一些东西,我们会尽自己所能去得到而感到满足,如果我们渴慕成为很美,别人称赞我们美的时候,就感到满足;渴慕权势的,当他能够得到在别人之上的岗位时,就感到满足;渴慕财富的,当拥有相当的产业时,就感到满足。可是,这些满足不会永远不变的,美的要更美,有权势的要更高的权势,钱财是更多都可以再多的。

以上所讲的,爱美的就是要得到人的称赞,爱财的就是要满足自己的欲念,等等。最终的目的就是要有自己的好处。饥渴慕义却不然,义是一个身份的象征,是一个特殊的身份,有了这个身份,人才可以站在神的面前去亲近神,饥渴慕义的目的不完全是为了这个身份而已,最终的目的就是与神亲近,看到他的作为和荣耀。为什么耶稣不说,“渴慕神的人有福了”?
因为如果没有愿意遵从神的诫命,讨神喜悦的心,渴慕神的心只会变成向神求福的思念而已。

诗 17:15 至于我,我必在义中见你的面;我醒了的时候,得见(注:“见”或作 “着”)你的形像,就心满意足了(饱足了)。(As for me, I shall behold your face in righteousness; when I awake I shall be satisfied, beholding your likeness.)

没有渴慕神的基督徒是什么样子的?他们缺乏与神的真正关系,神不会是他们在天上的父,不会像儿女那样,渴慕与父亲交谈相聚,天国不会是他们渴慕的家,他们视为宝贝的致使今世的一切,因此,属灵的生命缺乏从圣灵而来,有爆炸力的喜乐和信心,他们的信心只限于眼前所建的食物,耶稣和十字架只视为让他们得救的工具,因此救恩变成与耶稣没有关系,没能力而空泛。

饥渴慕义的基督徒,他们得见神的荣耀而得以满足,因此有充满活力的祷告生命,在任何情况都不感到缺乏,时常满有喜乐。

总结

  • 天国的子民,应有的追求不是自己的意欲;
  • 当我们信耶稣的时候,我们所追求的目的应该有全新的改变;
  • 天国子民追求的对象,就是神;
  • 要达到这个目的,就要时刻寻求神的旨意,讨神的喜悦;
  • 当神的荣耀彰显在我们面前的时候,就是我们心满意足的时刻;

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